Protect yourself from healthcare infections

Hospitals and clinics can be breeding grounds for infections. Learn about the most common types of infections patients and visitors are exposed to and how to protect yourself

Stepping into a hospital or clinic can feel like entering a world of healing and care. However, hospitals and clinics, while essential for our health, can also be breeding grounds for infections.

There are several common infections people are exposed to in healthcare facilities, says Tebogo Louw, an infection prevention and control manager from Johannesburg.

“The most common infections that patients and visitors are exposed to in hospitals and clinics include surgical site infections, urinary tract infections, bloodstream infections, respiratory conditions like pneumonia, and gastrointestinal infections.”

He says these infections are typically spread in healthcare settings through close contact with infected patients, contaminated surfaces, and invasive medical devices.

How transmission spreads

Louw explains that transmission can occur through direct or indirect contact. “For example, if a person touches an infected individual and then touches themselves, that’s direct contact.

“In contrast, if they touch the surroundings of an infected person before touching themselves, that constitutes indirect contact. Moving from one patient to another by touching surfaces or equipment also falls under these categories.”

He adds that infections can also spread through droplets and airborne particles.

“Clinics often see high volumes of patients, which leads to increased opportunities for cross-contamination through any of those modes.

“Limited space further complicates infection control measures, making it difficult to maintain adequate distancing among patients. The variety of patient conditions entering clinics can also contribute to the spread of infections.”

According to him, hand hygiene emerges as a crucial line of defence in preventing the spread of infections within healthcare settings, amongst others.

“Hands are the most common cause of transmission for bacteria, viruses, and other organisms. Therefore, consistent and proper handwashing is vital in safeguarding both patients and healthcare workers from potential infections.”

In this episode, Louw also discusses:

Common infections that patients and visitors are exposed to in hospitals and clinics.
Common mistakes patients make that increase their risk of acquiring infections.
Steps to protect yourself from infections when visiting a hospital or clinic.