World Kidney Day on 13 March is an important opportunity to raise awareness about the critical connection between diabetes and kidney health. With approximately 4.2 million South Africans living with diabetes, understanding the risks and preventive measures for kidney disease is essential.
Diabetes is one of the leading causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD) globally. Nearly 40% of individuals with type 1 or type 2 diabetes develop diabetic kidney disease (DKD), a condition where high blood sugar damages the small blood vessels in the kidneys. If left untreated, DKD can lead to kidney failure, necessitating dialysis or a kidney transplant.
Dialysis is a costly treatment, with expenses reaching up to R450 000 per patient per year in South Africa. This financial strain affects not only patients and their families but also the healthcare system as a whole.
Risk factors and early detection
Ingrid Singels, marketing manager of Pharma Dynamics’ scientific division, underscores the importance of early detection and proactive management for diabetic patients.
“People living with diabetes face an increased risk of diabetic kidney disease if they have uncontrolled high blood sugar, high blood pressure, or high cholesterol. Other risk factors include smoking, obesity, and a family history of the condition,” explains Singels.
She further highlights that early detection is key in preventing DKD from progressing. “People with diabetes should get checked regularly for any complications. All it takes is two simple tests: a urine test called albumin creatinine ratio (ACR), which checks for the presence of a protein called albumin in urine, and a blood test called glomerular filtration rate (GFR) to assess how well the kidneys are filtering waste from the body.”
How to protect kidney health
Proper diabetes management plays a crucial role in maintaining kidney health. Here are some essential steps to reduce the risk of kidney complications:
- Control blood sugar: Keep blood glucose levels within the target range through regular monitoring, adherence to medication, and a balanced diet.
- Manage blood pressure: Maintain healthy blood pressure levels to reduce kidney strain and prevent further damage.
- Adopt a healthy diet: Choose foods low in sodium and saturated fats while focusing on fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
- Stay active: Engage in at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise per week to improve overall health.
- Take medications as prescribed: Follow healthcare providers’ guidance on medications to manage diabetes and kidney function effectively.
- Schedule regular check-ups: Routine medical appointments help monitor kidney function and catch any issues early.
- Maintain a healthy weight: Losing excess weight or maintaining a healthy weight can reduce the risk of diabetes-related complications.
- Quit smoking: Smoking worsens kidney damage. Seeking medical advice on quitting smoking can have long-term benefits for kidney health.
Stop kidney disease
“Working closely with a doctor or dietitian ensures a tailored approach to managing both diabetes and CKD effectively while reducing complications and supporting overall health and well-being,” reminds Singels.
By taking proactive steps, individuals with diabetes can protect their kidneys, improve their quality of life, and reduce the risk of serious complications. On this World Kidney Day, raising awareness and encouraging early intervention can make a significant difference in preserving kidney health.
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